It has been envisaged in NPE that the Refresher Courses for serving teachers will provide opportunities for teachers to exchange experience with their peers and mutually learning from each other. The courses will also provide a forum for serving teachers to keep abreast of the latest advances in various subjects. In view of this, the UGC expects that, in addition to Orientation Programmes for newly appointed college teachers, the Academic Staff Colleges should organise Subject Oriented Refresher Programmes of 3 weeks duration for in-service College/University teachers, to inculcate the culture of learning and self-improvement amongst teachers at territory level. The UGC has not prescribed any curriculum for Refresher Courses. However, the Departments conducting Refresher Programmes have been given freedom to choose thrust areas in their own disciplines for Refresher Programmes and frame the appropriate curriculum.